What should I expect when starting GLP-1 medications?

Dr. Lacy Anderson is answering viewer questions about GLP-1 medications, which are commonly prescribed for diabetes management and weight loss.

The Kaiser Family Foundation reports that more than 15 million Americans have used GLP-1 drugs such as Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, Trulicity and Zepbound. While many patients see success, Anderson says these medications can cause side effects, most commonly affecting the digestive system.

Dr. Anderson says the main side effects include heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation. Anderson also says that some people experience more side effects than others, but patients generally start with a low dose and gradually increase it as tolerated to prevent these problems.

Managing mild side effects of GLP-1 medications

Anderson recommends simple treatments for managing mild symptoms. For nausea or vomiting, patients can use anti-nausea medication. For diarrhea, she suggests over-the-counter Imodium. Constipation can be eased with Miralax or stool softeners, while reflux may be treated with antacids such as Rolaids or Tums.

Anderson says that for more severe symptoms, patients can try Tagamet or Pepcid daily. Anderson says that if those don’t help, Prilosec, Prevacid or Nexium are stronger options available over the counter. If those aren’t strong enough, Anderson recommends calling your doctor for a prescription-strength reflux medication.

Anderson says the key is patience as the body adjusts to the medication. Anderson recommends starting low and slow in order to reduce the side effects while still getting the benefits.